Impact crusher rotor with rigid hammers



2 Shetg-Sheet 1 J.CHRYSTAL IMPACT CRUSHER ROTOR WITH RIGID HMMERS July 21, 1953 Original Filed March 29, 1950 INVENTOR;

July 21, 1953 `.1. cHRYs-rAl.

IMPACT CRUSHER ROTR WITH RIGID HAMMERS Original Filed March 29, 1950 2 Sheet's-Shegt 2' INVENTOR; JoHN CHRYSTA L.

ArTf.

Patented July 21, i953 a .-f

. Y '2,646,224 Y n IMPACT CRUSHER Ro'ron WITH RIGID .t i HAMMERS y John ('Jhrystal,A Columbus, Ohio, assignor -to The #Jeffrey Manufacturing Company, a corpora- .rioyigin'l appueatiinarchgze, 195o, seriel'No.

Y 152,529. Divided k and thisfapplication May'15, 19:51, SerialNo. 230,862 Y This invention relates to a rig-idham'mer im pact type crusher,-and an-object of the invention is to provide in a crusher of this type animproved rotor including improved rigid` hammer holding means.

' A further object of the invention is to provide an improved Crusher or Crusher rotor per se wherein rigid hammer means are seouredfwithirr` a peripheralaxial rabbet' or groove in therotorbody by hammer' holding means constructed to pull rather than push thehammer means against one Vwall of the rabbet whereby there is no wedging force tending to separate the side walls of theA rabtbe't provided'by the hammer holding means;

A still further and more specilic object of the by' the hammer holding meansnf other objects of the invention will appear he-,

inafter, the novel features and-combinations being set forth in the'appended claims;V j@v A ln the yaccompanyingdrawings:

Fig. 1` is a sidefsectionalr elevational 'vi'ewfoff an impact crusherincorporating features of'jmy invention; y

HFig 2 is a plan vi o f'the rotor, with'fparts brokenaway and in section;` 'Y

Fig. 3 is a sectional-view oan element of the rigid hammer holding means; and v Fig. 4 is an end sectional elevational view ofl the machine of lg. l; showing chainsV across the feed chute.' Y

' This application is adivisi'on of my applicationV Serial No. 152,529, l'llediMaroh5 29, `1950, now* Patent No. 2,618,438, dated 'November ,18, '1952,

'for Breaker Bar Screen Means for RigidHam'mer Rotary Impact Crusher. e

In the drawings one formfofimpactcrusher incorporating the features Vof my invention is dis-j closed. This machine includes a' housing or lcasing 3l having a pairof parallelk laterally spaced uprightside walls 32, 32 provided with removable liners 3?.` The housing or casing 3| also includes a transversely'extending upright end wall 34,v theupper. portion of which is provided -With removi .3,Claims.. (Cl. 241-1-191) f bottom of the'housing or casing 3l. 's' p ll' able liners 35.V Opposite the end wall 34 isanend` wall v.'iwhich curves into an integral top wall 3l. rigidly attached together and are supported on and removably `attached to a heavy rectangular.

base 38 which may be anchored above an kopening' in the supporting licor, through which openingy reduced material isv discharged from the open Within the housing 3l therefis :a"ro,tor.39 which, as illustrated. is built up of aipluralityof steel discs 65 stackedon a rotorslflaftfdll'andV keyed thereto. The rotor 39 is supported for rota,-

tion 'on' a'transverse..horizontal axis by spaced' bearings carried in appropriate bearing boxes 4l at opposite'sides of the'Y housing 3|. Aselected one 'of'theeside walls 32 is provided with a feedchute Yl2 which, if desired, may be provided with. chain screen 43. Opposite the chute'tZ Vis a re,- movable door interchangeable therewith. ,N The' top wall 31 is preferably provided withremovable liner or breaker plates :i4 directly above the feed c hute'llZ.A v

kWithin rthe housing r3| and 4spaced from the adjoining end and top walls 36 and 31 there. is

a breaker barfscreen t5' which is made'up of a plurality of closely 'adjacent but spaced apart breaker bars 46 preferably of cylindrical shape,

` Whichextend transversely or axially of therotor between `the sidewalls 32. The axes of said bars 46 arepoints along `a* smoothconcavecurve which isgenerally `or substantially vhorizontal at the top of-the chamber'3l where it is 'radially the greatest distance vfrom the axis ofthe rotor 39, this curvebeing substantially radial with the rotor 39; at

its bottom. The bars 4t are provided with individual end plates by which they are slidably carriedin guides on the oppostie sidewalls `32 provided byfliners 33 and guide ribs 4l. The breaker bars i6-may be inserted and removed by extending them transe.

versely through an opening i8 (see Fig'. 1) in onev` of the side walls32 which opening may be closed) bya ller type cover plateafter the breaker bars 136 are all inserted. They may be clamped with their endv pieces held tightly vtogether lby abutting clampingv bars 139' and associated clamping Screws Q v 1v 1. j u .i Y.; j'. *There Iis a larger and heavierbrealcer b arfor' anvil k5Iv which is the lowermost of those formingthe screen 4-5 or which is the closest barofv this screen tothe rotor V39. The breaker bar 5ly is not insertedl as are thebreaker bars 46, but it is carriedatopposite ends in receiving cups onthe.

side Wa1ls-32 and. is lindividually.removable lat- The side', end and topv walls are allL erally through holes in the side walls 32 covered by the cover plates 52. It has been found desirable to make this breaker bar I heavier than the others because it is subjected to severe shocks occasioned by large particles being caught between it and one of the rotor hammers.

Below the feed chute 42 there is a bar screen 53 which is formed by a plurality of parallel laterally spaced downwardly sloping screen bars 54 which extend at right angles to the axis of the rotor 39 and are held together by a pair of transversely extending rods 55. It is to benoted that the bar screen 53 extends from the end wall 34 sloping downwardly therefrom to a position close to the rotor 39, the bottom thereof being below a horizontal plane passing through the axis of said rotor 39. This cooperates with the breaker bar screen 45 to provide a large reducing chamber 56 in which substantially 180 of the rotor 39 is exposed to the material undergoing reduction.

Below the bar screen 45 there is another or supplemental bar screen 51 which, as illustrated, includes three cylindrical transversely extending breaker bars 58 extending between and rigidly attached to end plates 59. The top-most of the breaker bars 58 extends axially beyond the vend plates 59 and through sleeves 69 (see Fig. 4)

formed integral with the plates 59 which sleeves 69 are journaled in appropriate journal bearings formed on the base 38. This top breaker bar 58 is keyed or otherwise rigidly att-ached to the sleeves 69 and at one end is provided with a locking collar 6|, the vother end being provided with an upstanding lever 62 bolted thereto. Lever 62 is keyed by a shear'pin 63 at any one of a plurality of positions provided by threaded openings in |a pair of spaced apart holding straps Eil!Y between which lever 62 extends and which are attached to and spaced from one of the side walls 32 of the housing 3 l.

By adjusting the lever 62 the clearance between the bottommost breaker bar 58 and the rotor 39 may be adjusted. This bottommost breaker bar 58 is preferably heavier than the other two since. it is subjected to more severe shocks. The shear pin 63 constitutes an overload release in case too severe a shock is transferred to the lowermost breaker bar 58. The adjustability of the screen 51 provided by the lever 62 makes for a rough adjustment of the fineness of the material produced. A stationary transversely extending plate 11 extends between the bottom of the screen 45 and the screen 41 and n eiect forms -a stationary part of said supplementary screen 51.

`As above set forth, the body of the rotor 39 may be built up of a plurality of heavy steel discs 65 stacked on the shaft 49 and keyed thereto. The discs 65 are also preferably tack welded together. At di-ametrically opposite positions the body of the rotor 39 is provided with peripheral axially extending grooves or rabbets 66 adapted to receive rigid hammers v61 which, as illustrated, are twopiece members (see Fig. 4).

The rotor body is so formed that the leading edge and a substantial portion of the leading face of each of the hammers 61 is exposed so that it may `strike the material, ksuch as stone, to be `reduced. The rear or trailing side or face of each hammer 61 is provided with an axially extending groove 68 adapted to receive a projecting tongue 69 formed on the back or trailing face of the groove vor vrabbet 66 and on Va backing or reinforcing portion of thev body of the rotor 39.

4 The tongue 69 and groove 68 cooperate to provide matching walls or surfaces of irregular contour, one on each hammer 61 and one in the peripheral axial groove or rabbet 66 so that it is impossible for the rigid hammer 61 to be inserted or removed radially from the groove or rabbet 66, having regard for the depth of groove or rabbet 66, the limited clearance provided by the opposite walls of said groove or rabbet 66, andthe pertinent dimension (thickness) of the hammer 61. This interlock prevents the hammer 61 flying oir the rotor 39 in case its holding means, hereinafter described, becomes broken or inoperative for any reason and the hammers can be inserted or removed from the rabbets 66 only by yendwise axial movement.

As above stated, each of the rigid hammers 61 is made up in tWo parts; In other words, it is split at its longitudinal center, the two parts being in end to end relation in one of the rabbets 66 and being individually removable by being moved axially of the rotor 39 in opposite directions. To hold each rigid hammer 61 removably to the body of the rotor 39 a one-piece symmetrical tie rod 19 is provided, the center of which is bolted adjacent the axial center of the body of the rotor 39 within the groove 66. Each half of the rigid hammer 61 is of similar construction and is bored or hollow and is adapted to slide over the laterally extending wings of the tie rod 19, said hammer halves and tie rods having cooperating frusto-conical bearing areas or cams 1.8 and 19 respectively, so that when clamped in position the rigid hammer halves are cammed and held rigidly by said tie rod 19 against one wall of the rabbet 66.

At each outer end of each tie rod 19 there is a pivoted clamping strap 1.| having integral frusto-conical projections or cams 12 and 13 adjacent opposite ends thereof. The projections 12 are received in cooperating frusto-corn'cal cam or bearing areas 19 of the hollow rigid hammers 61 to which the straps are rigidly but removably clamped by nuts cooperating with the threaded ends of the Wings of the tie rods1-9. The .frusto-conical projections or cams 13 are received in similar cam recesses'in the body of the rotor 39. Machine screws 14 extend .freely through the clamping straps 1| and are threaded into the body of the rotor 39.

The parts are so dimensioned that as the Screws 14 are tightened a clamping camming action will be effected so as to place the straps 1| under tension, thereby pulling lthe rigid hammers 61 against one of the sidewalls of. the groove or rabbet 66 and away from the opposite side wall thereof and Without there being any wedging force tending to separate any of the walls or side surfaces of the rabbet 66 exerted directly by the hammer holding structure. In other Words, tension on the side straps 'il eiects a tight engagement between the areas defining the tongue 69 and the .groove 68 and the cams 19 on the rods 19 do likewise.

The ends ,of the body of the rotor 39 are provided With appropriate receiving pockets 15 so that the ends of the tie rods 19 do not extend axially .beyond the ends of the body of the rotor 39 and so that the straps 1I and machine screws 14 are within the axial dimensions of the body of said rotor 39,v thus protecting all of Vthese parts from damage. The rigid hammers 61 are also lformed at their outer ends so as to shroud or protect the clamping parts just mentionedas clearly illustrated in Fig. y2 of the drawings.

the groove 66. Likewise the portion of the rotor `body 39 which backs up or reinforces the rigid hammers 61 and which constitutes a cantilever isV not subjected to any strain becauserof any clampingv means for the rigid hammers." This is believed to be of considerable importance and constitutes a feature of myv invention.

The two parts of the rigid hammers 67 may be removed through thev opposite side walls 32 which f are provided with access openingsl and removable cover'plates V'Hi (see Fig. 4) whichrare essentially similar to the cover plates 52 and that provided for the opening 48.

In the operation of the crusher material to be reduced which may be any hard friable material, of which stone is illustrative, will be :delivered to the interior of the housing 3| through the feed chute 42. Most of the fine. material will escape radially through the s`c1'een53 and be discharged through theop'en bottcmof thev housing. The

oversize material incapable of passing through this screen will be struck a. shattering blow by one of the rigid hammers of the rotor, which rotor will be traveling at a relatively high speed in the direction indicated by the arrows. The

rigid hammers on striking the material will initially shatter it and propelit through the reducing chamber where it will strike a liner or breaker plate of the reducing chamber, such as the liner i2, 33 or 44, or some of it may strike the breaker bar screen 45 following the initial impact ofthe rigid hammerw Material which strikes the breaker bar screen 45 and which is adequately reduced to pass through said screen may do so whereupon it will be free to fall downwardly through'the housing and out the bottom thereof. Oversize material will be retained in the reducing chamber until adequately reduced to'pass through this screen or the screen 53 or some of it may pass below the Vbreaker bar screen 24 and be further treated means -forming a rotor'body having' a peripheral axial rabbet having Spacedside walls, hammer means in said peripheral axial' rabbet including cam means vat opposite ends-,hammer holding means constructed tov pull rather than push said hammer means against one wall of `said-periphhammer means in said peripheral axial rabbet as aforesaid.

2. A rotor assembly for a crusher including a rotor, a rigid hammer attached to said rotor and extending radially beyond the lperiphery and axially thereof, said rotor having a peripheral axial'rabbet into which said hammer extends,

vsaid rotor and hammer each having means eX- tending substantially throughoutv their lengths adapted to be interlocked to prevent radial movevment of said hammer out of said peripheral axialv rabbet, and tension type holding means constructed to pull rather than push said hammer against one side wall of said peripheral axial rabbet to hold said hammer tightly therein whereby there is no wedging force tending to separate the opposite walls of said peripheral axial rabbet produced by said hammer holding means, said holding means including straps one adjacent each end of vsaid hammer and rotor extending transversely of said rotor axis and each including cam means cooperating when said straps are clamped to said hammer and rotor body to place the straps under tension as aforesaid, and means including arod extending transversely axially of said rotor and hammerv for clamping said straps to said hammer and rotor as aforesaid.

3. A rotor assembly for a crusher including a rotor, a rigid hammer attached to said rotor and extendingV radially beyond the periphery and axially thereof, Ysaid rotor having a peripheral axial rabbet into which said hammer extends, andtension type holding means constructed to pull rather than push said hammer against one side wall of said peripheral axial rabbet to hold said hammer tightly therein whereby there is no wedging force tending to separate the opposite w said hammer holding means, said holding means hammer and rotor body to place the strapsunder tension as aforesaid, and means including a rod extending transversely axially of said rotor and v hammer for clamping said straps to ysaid hammer eral axial rabbet whereby there is no wedging whereby said camrmeans cooperate to secure said and rotor as aforesaid.

' Y JOHN CHRYSTAL.

1 References' Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Y Name Date A198,993 Moore Jan. 8, 1878 .332,797 Hagerty Dec. 22, 1885 392,488 Behm Q Nov. 6, 1888 Y 589,236 Williams Aug. 31, 1897 711,688 Y `Williams Oct. 21, 1902 1,212,991 Newhouse -Jan.. 16, 1917 1,446,221 Starr et al. Feb. 20, 1923 1,751,009 Liggett Mar. 18, 1930 1,996,485 Parker Apr. 2, 1935 2,278,274 Lind Mar. 31, 1942 2,373,691 vKessler Apr. 17, 1945 2,486,421 Kessler Nov. l, 1949 y FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 53,549 Norway Feb. 12, 1934 174,148 Switzerland Aug. 15, 1934 

